{"id":31149,"date":"2025-01-17T07:26:08","date_gmt":"2025-01-17T00:26:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sgu.ac.id\/?p=31149"},"modified":"2025-01-23T11:31:54","modified_gmt":"2025-01-23T04:31:54","slug":"ribuan-rumah-korban-kebakaran-los-angeles-tahan-gempa-tapi-rentan-api","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sgu.ac.id\/id\/ribuan-rumah-korban-kebakaran-los-angeles-tahan-gempa-tapi-rentan-api\/","title":{"rendered":"Ribuan Rumah Korban Kebakaran Los Angeles: Tahan Gempa tapi Rentan Api"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Dosen Sustainable Energy and Environment di Swiss German University mengurai penyebab kebakaran hutan di Los Angeles, California, sulit dikendalikan.<\/em><\/p>\n

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TEMPO.CO<\/b>, Jakarta<\/b> – Kebakaran hutan<\/a><\/strong> dan lahan yang terjadi di Los Angeles<\/a><\/strong>, California, Amerika Serikat, turut menghanguskan belasan ribu rumah. Kebakaran sejak 7 Januari 2025 itu juga menewaskan 24 orang.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Dosen Sustainable Energy and Environment di Swiss German University<\/a><\/strong> Hery Sutanto menguraikan, parahnya kebakaran di Los Angeles itu tak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kondisi iklim, tapi juga material bangunan. Dituturkannya, banyak rumah dibangun dengan bahan yang rentan terhadap api, seperti polimer, termasuk insulasi poliuretan.<\/p>\n

“Bahan-bahan ini ringan dan hemat biaya, sehingga menjadi pilihan populer untuk konstruksi. Namun, bahan ini juga sangat mudah terbakar, yang mempercepat penyebaran api,” kata Hery dalam keterangan tertulis yang diterima Tempo<\/em> pada Rabu, 15 Januari 2025.<\/p>\n

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Menurut dia, penggunaan material rentan api itu juga mengantisipasi Los Angeles sebagai daerah yang juga rawan gempa bumi. Bahan ringan menjadi ringan karena bisa mengurangi beban struktural, membuat bangunan lebih tahan terhadap aktivitas seismik.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Meski memiliki kelebihan menjadikan rumah tahan gempa, kata Hery, material tersebut justru terbukti meningkatkan risiko kerusakan akibat kebakaran. “Karena kerentanan ini semestinya menggunakan bahan bangunan dan desain yang lebih inovatif, seimbang antara ketahanan api dan guncangan gempa bumi.”<\/p>\n

Perubahan Iklim di Los Angeles<\/h2>\n

Hery mengatakan peristiwa kebakaran parah di Los Angeles ini juga tak lepas dari dampak perubahan iklim dan pengelolaan lingkungan yang kurang bijaksana. Peningkatan suhu global dan musim kemarau berkepanjangan di California menciptakan kondisi yang mendukung untuk kebakaran hutan.<\/p>\n

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Menurut dia, penggunaan material rentan api itu juga mengantisipasi Los Angeles sebagai daerah yang juga rawan gempa bumi. Bahan ringan menjadi ringan karena bisa mengurangi beban struktural, membuat bangunan lebih tahan terhadap aktivitas seismik.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Meski memiliki kelebihan menjadikan rumah tahan gempa, kata Hery, material tersebut justru terbukti meningkatkan risiko kerusakan akibat kebakaran. “Karena kerentanan ini semestinya menggunakan bahan bangunan dan desain yang lebih inovatif, seimbang antara ketahanan api dan guncangan gempa bumi.”<\/p>\n

Perubahan Iklim di Los Angeles<\/h2>\n

Hery mengatakan peristiwa kebakaran parah di Los Angeles ini juga tak lepas dari dampak perubahan iklim dan pengelolaan lingkungan yang kurang bijaksana. Peningkatan suhu global dan musim kemarau berkepanjangan di California menciptakan kondisi yang mendukung untuk kebakaran hutan.<\/p>\n

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Suhu rata-rata, kata Hery, telah meningkat selama beberapa dekade terakhir, seperti musim panas sering melebihi 35 derajat Celsius. Kemudian tingkat kelembaban yang sangat rendah sering turun di bawah 15 persen, lingkungan menjadi sangat kering dan rentan terhadap kebakaran.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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“Kecepatan angin (Santa Ana Winds) yang sering mencapai 30 sampai 50 kilometer per jam, semakin meningkatkan kecepatan penyebaran api, sehingga upaya pengendalian menjadi semakin sulit,” ucapnya. Hery mengutip laporan NBC News dan AP News, kebakaran terbaru pada awal tahun ini didorong oleh embusan angin dengan kecepatan yang melebihi 112 kilometer per jam.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Angin Santa Ana adalah angin kering dan hangat yang berembus dari pedalaman Amerika menuju pantai California selatan, terutama saat musim gugur dan dingin. Angin ini sudah terkenal mendukung terciptanya kebakaran secara signifikan dengan menurunkan kelembapan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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“Kombinasi vegetasi kering dan embusan kuat yang sering kali melebihi 112 kilometer per jam menciptakan kondisi ideal untuk kebakaran hutan yang sulit dikendalikan,” ujar Hery menambahkan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t

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Selain itu, musim dingin yang lebih hangat juga mempengaruhi ketersediaan air karena salju yang turun di Sierra Nevada telah berkurang. Padahal, wilayah itu sejatinya menyediakan cadangan air yang cukup saat kemarau.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Hery melihat musim panas yang lebih kering memperparah kekeringan vegetasi, mengubah hutan menjadi semacam “kotak korek api” yang siap menyala. “Efek buruk yang lebih luas dari pemanasan global yang terlihat secara lokal ini seperti menjadi tamparan keras bagi kita semua, akibat dari konsumsi bahan bakar fosil dan deforestasi,” tuturnya.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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California memiliki sejarah panjang tentang kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Selama dua dekade terakhir, kata Hery, terdapat peristiwa kebakaran dengan kerusakan berat, misalnya pada tahun 2018, kebakaran hutan menewaskan 85 orang dan menghancurkan 19 ribu bangunan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Lalu ada Dixie Fire pada 2021 yang membakar 388.498 hektare, dan kebakaran awal 2025 ini di wilayah Palisades dan Eaton membakar sekitar 15 ribu hektare dan menghancurkan lebih dari 13 ribu bangunan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t

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SUMBER PEMBERITAAN: TEMPO<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t

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Tentang Swiss German University<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Swiss German University (SGU) adalah universitas swasta bertaraf internasional yang berdiri sejak tahun 2000 di Indonesia, menawarkan pendidikan berkualitas tinggi dengan menggabungkan sistem pendidikan Jerman, Swiss, dan Indonesia. Terletak di Alam Sutera, Tangerang, SGU memiliki 3 fakultas dengan 17 program studi Sarjana dan 6 program studi Pascasarjana di bidang Teknik, Teknologi Informasi, Bisnis, dan Ilmu Sosial. SGU berkomitmen menghasilkan lulusan kompeten dan berdaya saing global melalui kurikulum berbasis industri, penelitian inovatif, dan fokus pada kewirausahaan.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div> \t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dosen Sustainable Energy and Environment di Swiss German University mengurai penyebab kebakaran hutan di Los Angeles, California, sulit dikendalikan.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31152,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-release"],"yoast_head":"\nRibuan Rumah Korban Kebakaran Los Angeles: Tahan Gempa tapi Rentan Api<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dosen Sustainable Energy and Environment di Swiss German University mengurai penyebab kebakaran hutan di Los Angeles, California, sulit dikendalikan.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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